高考英語詳解?名詞類
1. Her father works as a _________ in a hotel and her mother a
_________ in a private company.
A. cooker, typewriter B. cook, typist C. cooker, typist D.
cook, typewriter
【陷阱】誤選A,許多同學(xué)想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為:cook用作動(dòng)詞,表示“煮飯”,所以cooker應(yīng)是其相應(yīng)的名詞,表示“煮飯的人”,即“廚師”;type用作動(dòng)詞,表示“打字”,所以typewriter應(yīng)表示“打字員”。
【分析】而事實(shí)是:cook=廚師,cooker=炊具;typist=打字員,typewriter=打字機(jī)。即此題正確答案為B。
2. "Why couldn't they meet us at five o'clock?" "Because they
were delayed by _________."
A. heavy traffic B. heavy traffics C. crowded traffic D.
crowded traffics
【陷阱】B、C、D三項(xiàng)均容易誤選。
【分析】對(duì)于此題,首先要明確traffic為不可數(shù)名詞,沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式,故排除B和D。另外,漢語習(xí)慣說“交通擁擠”,而英語習(xí)慣上卻不能用crowded來修飾traffic,要表示漢語的“交通擁擠”,英語通常說heavy
traffic,即選A。如下一題也是選A:
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She is not a competent driver and can't cope with driving in
_________.
A. heavy traffic B. heavy traffics C. crowded traffic D.
crowded traffics
3. By all _________, you must try every _________ to help
him.
A. mean, mean B. means, means C. means, mean D. mean,
means
【陷阱】誤選C,認(rèn)為第一空前有all修飾,故用all means,而第二空前有every修飾,故用mean。
【分析】其實(shí),means是一個(gè)單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞,并且永遠(yuǎn)帶有尾-s。換句話說,在表示“方式”、“方法”時(shí),不存在mean這一形式(mean主要用作動(dòng)詞,表示“意思是”;也可用作名詞,表示“中間”、“中庸”)。此題正確答案為B,by
all means為習(xí)語,意為“一定”、“盡一切辦法”。順便說一句,means用作主語時(shí),其謂語的數(shù)需根據(jù)句意來確定。比較:All
possible means have been tried. 所有可能的辦法都已經(jīng)試過了。Every possible means
has been tried. 每種可能的辦法都已經(jīng)試過了。若句意不能明確地表明主語的單復(fù)數(shù),其謂語則用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)均可。
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